Rocky habitats along steep shores; lives among boulders and rock faces,
usually in shallow to intermediate depths
Geographic distribution:
Lake Malawi; widespread along rocky coastlines
Typical adult size:
Up to about 23 cm total length
Sexual dimorphism:
Males and females are similar in general shape; adult males tend to grow
larger and develop more intense coloration during breeding periods
Recommended aquarium size:
At least 700–720 litres; minimum tank length around 200 cm
Aquarium setup:
Large aquarium with extensive rockwork forming caves and crevices.
Strong structure is essential, with open swimming space in front.
Sand or fine gravel substrate recommended
Diet:
Specialized scale-eater (lepidophagous); feeds primarily on scales taken
from other cichlids
Breeding:
Maternal mouthbrooder. Spawning takes place on or near rocks; females
incubate eggs and fry in the mouth
Aggression:
Highly aggressive and predatory. Aggression is directed both toward
conspecifics and other fish, which are also targeted as food
Special notes:
A highly specialized Malawi cichlid adapted for scale-eating, with
enlarged canine teeth. Not suitable for mixed community aquaria.
Best kept alone or in carefully planned species-only or predator setups
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